Varicose vein surgery is a surgical procedure used in certain cases to treat varicose veins, which develop due to vein dilation and valve insufficiency. While there are now various less invasive treatment options thanks to advancing technology, surgery is still considered one of the most effective options for some patients.

In this article, we’ll answer frequently asked questions about varicose vein surgery—who it’s suitable for, when it becomes necessary, how the procedure is performed, and what recovery involves. However, keep in mind that this information is for general awareness only; the most accurate treatment approach should always be determined by a qualified physician.

What Is Varicose Vein Surgery?

Varicose vein surgery is a procedure usually recommended in advanced cases where veins have lost function and other treatment methods have failed. During the operation, the problematic veins are either removed or rendered non-functional. This allows blood to circulate through healthier veins and helps reduce symptoms.

While some people may view varicose vein surgery as a cosmetic intervention, it is more often performed to relieve serious complaints such as leg pain, swelling, nighttime cramps, itching, burning sensations, and skin changes.

When Is Varicose Vein Surgery Necessary?

Varicose vein surgery is not a standard treatment for every patient. The extent of the varicose veins, their location, and the patient’s overall health must be evaluated first. Surgery may be considered in the following cases:

• Advanced vein dilation and valve failure

• Ineffectiveness of treatments such as laser therapy or sclerotherapy

• Chronic leg pain or fatigue

• Skin discoloration, ulcers, or hardening of the tissue

• Risk of clot formation or venous obstruction

• Significant cosmetic discomfort caused by varicose veins

These conditions can severely impact quality of life and may make surgery a necessary option.

Types of Varicose Vein Surgery

Several surgical techniques can be used to treat varicose veins. The choice depends on the structure of the vein, the location of the varicosities, and the patient’s general condition. Some common techniques include:

1. Stripping (Vein Removal)
   One of the most traditional methods. The damaged vein is removed by making incisions in the groin or below the knee. It is performed under general or spinal anesthesia.

2. Mini Phlebectomy
   In this method, small incisions are made to remove surface varicose veins. It is often preferred for superficial and prominent veins. Scarring is minimal.

3. Endovenous Laser or Radiofrequency Surgery
   Though considered minimally invasive, these are sometimes performed in surgical settings. The vein is closed using laser or radiofrequency energy.

All of these options are tailored to the individual case, making varicose vein surgery a personalized treatment approach.

Preoperative Evaluation Process

Before surgery, detailed vein mapping is performed using color Doppler ultrasound to evaluate the veins, identify which are non-functional, and determine the most appropriate method of intervention.

The patient’s blood work, cardiovascular health, and any systemic conditions are also considered. Although generally safe, varicose vein surgery is still a surgical procedure and requires comprehensive preoperative planning.

Postoperative Recovery

The recovery process varies depending on the type of surgery performed. In traditional methods, hospitalization may last a few days, while with minimally invasive methods, same-day discharge is often possible.

Key aspects of recovery include:

• Wearing prescribed compression stockings

• Regular walking and light exercise

• Avoiding prolonged standing or sitting

• Taking prescribed medications

• Attending follow-up appointments

Most patients return to their normal routines within a few weeks. Mild pain, swelling, or bruising may temporarily occur.

Is Varicose Vein Surgery a Permanent Solution?

Varicose vein surgery removes the affected veins and can offer long-lasting relief. However, genetic predisposition or lifestyle factors may cause new varicose veins to develop over time.

That’s why post-surgery lifestyle changes, exercise, weight management, and eliminating risk factors are essential for long-term success.

Who Is Not a Suitable Candidate for Surgery?

Not everyone is a good candidate for varicose vein surgery. Special considerations include:

• Advanced age with serious cardiovascular diseases

• Pregnancy

• Bleeding disorders

• Active infections

In such cases, alternative treatments may be explored.

Conclusion

Varicose vein surgery can be an effective option for individuals with advanced vein problems who haven’t responded to other treatments. However, like any surgical procedure, it requires a personalized assessment. The success of the treatment depends heavily on proper patient selection and close follow-up by a medical specialist.

When performed at the right time for the right patient, varicose vein surgery can significantly reduce physical discomfort and improve quality of life. Still, achieving lasting results requires lifestyle changes and regular medical checkups.